Semiparametric modeling for the cardiometabolic risk index and individual risk factors in the older adult population: A novel proposal.

The accurate monitoring of metabolic syndrome in older adults is relevant in terms of its early detection, and its management. This study aimed at proposing a novel semiparametric modeling for a cardiometabolic risk index (CMRI) and individual risk factors in older adults. METHODS: Multivariate semiparametric regression models were used to study the association between the CMRI with the individual risk factors, which was achieved using secondary analysis the data from the SABE study (Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia, 2015). RESULTS: The risk factors were selected through a stepwise procedure. The covariates included showed evidence of non-linear relationships with the CMRI, revealing non-linear interactions between: BMI and age (p< 0.00); arm and calf circumferences (p<0.00); age and females (p<0.00); walking speed and joint pain (p<0.02); and arm circumference and joint pain (p<0.00). CONCLUSIONS: Semiparametric modeling explained 24.5% of the observed deviance, which was higher than the 18.2% explained by the linear model.

Mézières Method as a practice of embodiment in patients with low back pain: a mixed study.

INTRODUCTION: The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the Mézières Method (MM) on pain and disability related to low back pain (LBP), compared to a program of heat, massage and exercise, and to understand the meaning of the bodily experience with the MM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Mixed methods convergent parallel design, combining an equivalent randomized clinical trial with a qualitative phenomenological approach. Sixty-one participants aged 18-65 years with chronic non-specific LBP lasting more than 3 months. Patients were randomized into two groups: the MM group (n = 29) and the comparison group (CG) who received heat, massage plus flexibility and strengthening exercises (n = 31). MM and CG participants underwent 10 one-hour physical therapy sessions over a 5-week period and were evaluated three times: pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up at 6 weeks after the end of treatment. RESULTS: Both groups reported positive effects on LBP . MM group showed superior effects in pain relief in the short term (Cohen's D 0.80; p = 0.004). Participants interpreted the interaction with the MM as a teaching-learning process that allowed body awareness. CONCLUSION: Both treatment were similarly beneficial but MM had superior effects on pain in the short term. MM is perceived by the participants as a teaching-learning process focused on body awareness that facilitate effective management of LBP.

Effects and experience with the Mézières method in people with low back pain: A mixed methods study.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reasons for visiting the doctor. The Mézières method (MM) emphasises body awareness and uses a global postural rehabilitation approach. It is used in the management of LBP, but its effectiveness has received limited formal evaluation. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of MM on quality of life, pain and functional disability in people with LBP and understand the patient's bodily experience during the MM intervention. METHODS: This protocol study of single-blind randomised controlled trial with a mixed methods design will include 54 people with LBP aged 18 to 65 years. Participants will be randomised into two groups, one will receive MM and the other will receive a control intervention, administered through 10 treatment sessions. Participants will also construct a narrative to provide an understanding of their bodily experience. RESULTS: The assessed outcomes will include pain, back pain-related disability assessed using the Roland Morris Questionnaire, and quality of life related to health assessed using the SF12. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, after the intervention and at a 6 weeks follow-up.

Face validity of a simulated low back pain clinical case in physical therapy training / Validez aparente de un caso clínico simulado de dolor lumbar en formación en fisioterapia

Abstract Introduction: The use of clinical cases in simulated environments allows for a more realistic approach to the simulated health condition, which results in a more effective training experience for students, as they are immersed in situations they may encounter in their professional practice. Objective: To determine the face validity of a low back pain clinical case as a clinical simulation tool in the training of physical therapy students. Materials and methods: Study conducted to determine the face validity of a low back pain clinical case presented to physical therapy students. The case has 9 items, which were evaluated by 5 expert raters. Agreement between raters regarding the pertinence, relevance, coherence, clarity, and sufficiency of the case was established using the Fleiss' Kappa coefficient. Results: Fleiss ' Kappa for the simulated case was 0.67 (substantial agreement), and for items 1, 2, 4, and 9 was 0.97, 1.0, 0.89, and 1.0, respectively (almost perfect agreement). Furthermore, the percentage of case comprehensibility (9 items) was 95.2. Conclusion: The face validity of the low back pain clinical case was confirmed, so its use in clinical simulation practices in the physical therapy programs offered by the Universidad de La Sabana and Universidad de Boyacá in Colombia is valid.

Resumen Introducción. El uso de casos clínicos en ambientes simulados brinda un mejor acercamiento a la condición de salud que se intenta simular, lo que permite una mejor formación de los estudiantes al verse inmersos en situaciones a las que podrían enfrentarse en su práctica profesional. Objetivo. Determinar la validez aparente de un caso clínico de dolor lumbar como herramienta de simulación clínica en la formación de estudiantes de fisioterapia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio realizado para determinar la validez de apariencia de un caso clínico de dolor lumbar para ser abordado por estudiantes de fisioterapia, el cual presenta nue -ve elementos evaluados por cinco jueces expertos. La concordancia entre los jueces respecto a la pertinencia, relevancia, coherencia, claridad y suficiencia del caso se estableció mediante el coeficiente Kappa de Fleiss. Resultados. El Kappa de Fleiss para el caso simulado fue 0.67 (acuerdo sustancial), y para los elementos 1, 2, 4 y 9 fue 0.97, 1.0, 0.89 y 1.0, respectivamente (acuerdo casi perfecto). Además, el porcentaje de comprensibilidad del caso (9 ítems) fue 95.2. Conclusión. La validez aparente del caso clínico fue confirmada, por lo que su uso en prácticas de simulación clínica en los programas de fisioterapia de la Universidad de La Sabana y la Universidad de Boyacá en Colombia es válido.

Simulation in physiotherapy students for clinical decisions during interaction with people with low back pain: randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a condition with a high global prevalence, which is getting health professionals' attention, including physiotherapists as they must have the skills to provide treatment that increases the patient's quality of life. Clinical simulations could be a pedagogic strategy that facilitates adequate training for students to acquire skills to improve their professional reasoning in this clinical situation. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine the effects of clinical simulations with simulated patients (SP) on the physiotherapy students' clinical decision-making within a role-playing (RP) scenario while caring of LBP patients. METHODS: This experimental study included 42 participants from two Colombian universities, randomized into two groups (SP, n = 21; RP, n = 21). The clinical skill of performing the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE-LBP) was evaluated while students cared for patients with LBP; after that, a pedagogical method was conducted that included clinical simulation and, finally, the OSCE-LBP was applied again to compare both groups. RESULTS: Changes occurred in the OSCE-LBP among both groups of students: the scores increased (0.66 and 0.59 in RP and SP, respectively), and neither of the two was superior (p value 0.01; 95%CI - 0.21 to 0.23). CONCLUSION: Both types of simulation favor decision-making in professional reasoning in physiotherapy students during interactions with individuals with LBP. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04428892 Identifying number: NCT04428892. It was retrospectively registered.

Aprendizaje basado en simulación: estrategia pedagógica en fisioterapia. Revisión integrativa / Learning based on simulation: Pedagogical strategy in physiotherapy. An integrated review

Los escenarios de simulación clínica han sido explorados en medicina y enfermería como estrategia de aprendizaje y han demostrado ser efectivos para la adquisición de competencias acercando a los estudiantes a su práctica clínica real. En fisioterapia, su utilización ha sido recientemente incluida y aún no se ha documentado su potencial como estrategia de fortalecimiento curricular. Este trabajo buscó revisar en la literatura el empleo de la simulación clínica como estrategia pedagógica para la fisioterapia. Para ello, se desarrolló un proceso integrativo con base en el análisis de competencias transversales o específicas. Sus resultados señalan que la simulación mejora la calidad y competencia del fisioterapeuta en formación; el dominio donde más se usa la simulación es el cardiovascular pulmonar, seguido del musculoesquelético. Sin embargo, en fisioterapia se requiere incrementar el uso de simulación en todos los dominios para poder cualificar aún más la formación

Clinical simulation scenarios have been explored in medicine and nursing as a learning strategy. They have shown to be effective for the acquisition of skills, bringing students closer to their actual clinical practice. Its use has recently been included in physiotherapy, but its potential as a curriculum strengthening strategy has not yet been documented. This work aims to carry out a review of the literature on the use of clinical simulation as a pedagogical strategy for physiotherapy. To do this, an integrated process was developed, based on the analysis of cross-sectional or specific skills. The results indicate that simulation improves the quality and skills of the physiotherapist in training. The domain where the simulation is most used is pulmonary cardiovascular, followed by the musculoskeletal system. However, in physiotherapy it is necessary to increase the use of simulation in all domains in order to qualify the training even more

Dinámica plantar durante un circuito de habilidades técnicas básicas en fútbol / Foot dynamics during a basic technical skill circuit in football / Dinâmica plantar durante circuito de habilidades técnicas no futebol

Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de la dinámica plantar durante la ejecución de un circuito de habilidades técnicas específicas del fútbol. Método: Se diseñó un circuito que incluyó habilidades técnicas específicas en el fútbol, se validó y aplicó a 20 jugadores de las selecciones de fútbol de La Universidad de La Sabana, para la medición de la dinámica plantar, se usaron las plantillas electrónicas Open-Go MOTICON. Resultados: La distribución del centro de presión tuvo tendencia hacia anterior y medial en la mayoría de las fases del circuito, el desplazamiento y velocidad del centro de presión fue mayor en el pie derecho con respecto al pie izquierdo en todas las fases, la fuerza de presión ejercida por los pies, fue mayor en el pie izquierdo con respecto al pie derecho. Conclusión: La presión plantar de los participantes tuvo tendencia hacia anterior y medial siendo indicador de la posición en inversión bilateral de los pies, además, la fuerza de presión fue mayor en el pie izquierdo con respecto al pie derecho (p 0.017) durante todas las fases del circuito

Objective: Describe the food dynamics during the execution of a circuit of specific technical skills of soccer. Method: A circuit was validated it included specific technical skills in soccer, it was applied to 20 players of the soccer selections of the University of La Sabana, for the measurement of the plantar dynamics, the electronic templates Open-Go MOTICON were used Results: The distribution of the center of pressure (COP) had a tendency toward anterior and medial in most phases of the circuit, the trace length and velocity of the center of pressure was greater in the right foot with respect to the left foot in all the phases, the pressure force exerted by the feet was greater in the left foot with respect to the right foot. Conclusion: The plantar pressure of the participants had a tendency towards anterior and medial, being an indicator of the position in bilateral inversion of the feet, in addition, the pressure force was greater in the left foot with respect to the right foot (p 0.017) during all phases of the circuit

Objetivo: Descrever a dinâmica plantar durante a execução do circuito de técnicas específicas do futebol. Métodos: Foi validado um circuito que incluiu habilidades técnicas específicas do futebol, que foi aplicado a 20 jogadores de futebol da selecão da Universidade de Sabana afim de medir a dinâmica plantar através do electronic templates Open-Go MOTICON. Resultados: A distribuição do centro de pressão teve uma tendência anterior e medial na maioria das fases do circuito o comprimento de traço e a velocidade do centro de pressão foram maiores no pé direito em relação ao pé esquerdo em todas as fases, a força de pressão exercida pelos pés foi maior no pé esquerdo em relação ao pé direito. Conclusão: A pressão plantar dos participantes tem uma tendência nas direções anterior e medial sendo um indicador da posição na inversão bilateral dos pés, além disso, a força de pressão foi maior no pé esquerdo em relação ao direito (p 0.017) durante todas as fases do circuito

Efectos de un programa de ejercicios sobre el dolor lumbar en trabajadores de oficina / Effects of an exercise plan on low back pain in office workers

RESUMEN Introducción: El dolor lumbar es una condición con mayor índice de consulta en los servicios de salud. En trabajadores de oficina también existe una alta prevalencia, por lo tanto es necesario generar planes de intervención desde la prevención primaria para mejorar la condición de salud de esta población. Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio sobre el dolor lumbar en trabajadores de oficina. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un programa de ejercicio en 17 trabajadores de oficina en una empresa de Bogotá durante cuatro semanas basado en el fortalecimiento de los músculos abdominales, profundos del cuello y el estiramiento de la cadena recta posterior. Se evaluó la evolución del dolor lumbar y la incapacidad laboral por medio del cuestionario de Roland Morris, los instrumentos se aplicaron al finalizar las cuatro semanas de intervención con seguimiento a los seis meses. Resultados: Se evidenció una disminución del dolor en dos unidades luego de las cuatro semanas de intervención (p<0.05). Asi mismo, la incapacidad disminuyó tres unidades (p<0.05). Dichos valores se mantuvieron al cabo de seis meses después de la intervención. Conclusiones: Un programa de ejercicio basado en el fortalecimiento de los músculos abdominales, profundos del cuello y el estiramiento de la cadena recta posterior puede disminuir el dolor y la incapacidad laboral en trabajadores de oficina, este efecto se puede mantener hasta seis meses posterior a la intervención. MÉD.UIS. 2017; 30(3):83-8.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Lumbar pain is a condition catalogued as one with the higher rate of medical services consultation. In office workers there is also a high prevalence, thus is necessary to generate intervention plans since primary intervention encourage improvement in health status of this population. Objective: To determine the effects of an exercise plan on low back pain in office workers. Material and method: It was conducted an exercise plan in the office based in the strengthening of the abdominal girdle, the neck´s deep muscles and the stretching of back straight chain in 17 workers of a company located in Bogota, for four weeks, and evolution respect to low back pain was evaluated through the Roland Morris questionnaire. Tools were applied at the end of the four weeks intervention and follow-up at six months was performed. Results: A decrease in pain by two units is evident after four weeks of intervention (p<0.05), this decrease in pain was maintained after six weeks; likewise, the inability decreases in three units (p<0.05) and results are also maintained to track. Conclusion: An exercise plan based in the strengthening of the abdominal girdle, the neck´s deep muscles and the stretching of back straight chain reduces pain and disability in office workers, this effect was maintained at 6 months. MÉD.UIS. 2017;30(3):83-8.

Association between the fall risk, age and educational level in active adult and older women / Asociación entre el riesgo de caída, la edad y el nivel educativo en mujeres adultas y mayores activas

Abstract Objective: To determine the association between risk of falls as measured by the Timed Get Up and Go - modified version (TGUGM), age and educational level in active adult and older women. Method: Quantitative association cross sectional study. The sample was 200 women whom, in addition to a clinical record of characterization, TGUGM was applied to assess the risk of falls. Associations were performed using the statistical Chi Square test. Results: An increased risk of falls in women with a lower educational level and older age was observed. The educational level was related to the phases of TGUGM requiring double motor task (p <0.05). Conclusion: Active women over 65-year-old with low educational levels have a higher risk of falls according to the results of TGUGM.

Resumen Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre el riesgo de caídas por medio del test Timed Get Up and Go Versión modificada (TGUGM), la edad y el nivel educativo en mujeres mayores activas. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal de asociación. La muestra estuvo conformada por 200 mujeres con una caracterización clínica previa; se aplicó el TGUGM para medir el riesgo de caídas. La asociación fue realizada con Chi cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Un mayor riesgo de caídas fue encontrado en mujeres con bajo nivel educativo y con mayor edad. El nivel educativo se asoció con diferentes fases del TGUGM que requieren de doble tarea motora (p <0.05) Conclusión: Las mujeres activas mayores de 65 años y con bajos niveles educativos presentaron mayor riesgo de caídas de acuerdo con el TGUGM.

Metric properties of the "timed get up and go- modified version" test, in risk assessment of falls in active women.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the metric properties of the Timed Get up and Go-Modified Version Test (TGUGM), in risk assessment of falls in a group of physically active women. METHODS: A sample was constituted by 202 women over 55 years of age, were assessed through a crosssectional study. The TGUGM was applied to assess their fall risk. The test was analysed by comparison of the qualitative and quantitative information and by factor analysis. The development of a logistic regression model explained the risk of falls according to the test components. RESULTS: The TGUGM was useful for assessing the risk of falls in the studied group. The test revealed two factors: the Get Up and the Gait with dual task. Less than twelve points in the evaluation or runtimes higher than 35 seconds was associated with high risk of falling. More than 35 seconds in the test indicated a risk fall probability greater than 0.50. Also, scores less than 12 points were associated with a delay of 7 seconds more in the execution of the test (p= 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS: Factor analysis of TGUGM revealed two dimensions that can be independent predictors of risk of falling: The Get up that explains between 64% and 87% of the risk of falling, and the Gait with dual task, that explains between 77% and 95% of risk of falling.

OBJETIVO: Analizar las propiedades métricas del Test Timed Get Up and Go - modificado (TGUGM) midiendo el riesgo de caídas a un grupo de mujeres colombianas físicamente activas. MÉTODOS: Estudio, transversal con 202 mujeres mayores de 55 años realizado en Chía, Colombia. Se aplicó el TGUGM para conocer su riesgo de caídas. La prueba comparó la información cualitativa y cuantitativa mediante un análisis factorial. El desarrollo de un modelo de regresión logístico explicó el riesgo de caídas según los componentes de la prueba. RESULTADOS: El TGUGM permitió valorar el riesgo de caídas en el grupo estudiado. La prueba muestra dos factores: el Get up (levantarse) y el Gait with dual task (Marchar con doble tarea). Calificaciones inferiores a doce puntos y tiempos de ejecución superiores a 35 segundos reflejaron alto riesgo de caída. Un tiempo mayor a 35 segundos indica probabilidad de caída mayor a 0.50 y calificaciones menores a 12 puntos se asociaron con una demora de 7 segundos más en la ejecución del test (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONES: El riesgo de caídas del grupo de mujeres colombianas fue alto en el 22%. El análisis factorial del TGUGM reflejó dos dimensiones que pueden ser predictoras independientes del riesgo de caída: El Get up que puede explicar entre el 64% y 87% del mismo y el Gait with dual task, que explica entre el 77% y el 95% de dicho riesgo.

Metric properties of the "timed get up and go- modified version" test, in risk assessment of falls in active women / Propiedades metricas del "timed get up and go version modificada" en el riesgo de caídas en mujeres activas

Abstract Objective: To analyse the metric properties of the Timed Get up and Go-Modified Version Test (TGUGM), in risk assessment of falls in a group of physically active women. Methods: A sample was constituted by 202 women over 55 years of age, were assessed through a crosssectional study. The TGUGM was applied to assess their fall risk. The test was analysed by comparison of the qualitative and quantitative information and by factor analysis. The development of a logistic regression model explained the risk of falls according to the test components. Results: The TGUGM was useful for assessing the risk of falls in the studied group. The test revealed two factors: the Get Up and the Gait with dual task. Less than twelve points in the evaluation or runtimes higher than 35 seconds was associated with high risk of falling. More than 35 seconds in the test indicated a risk fall probability greater than 0.50. Also, scores less than 12 points were associated with a delay of 7 seconds more in the execution of the test (p= 0.0016). Conclusions: Factor analysis of TGUGM revealed two dimensions that can be independent predictors of risk of falling: The Get up that explains between 64% and 87% of the risk of falling, and the Gait with dual task, that explains between 77% and 95% of risk of falling.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar las propiedades métricas del Test Timed Get Up and Go - modificado (TGUGM) midiendo el riesgo de caídas a un grupo de mujeres colombianas físicamente activas. Métodos: Estudio, transversal con 202 mujeres mayores de 55 años realizado en Chía, Colombia. Se aplicó el TGUGM para conocer su riesgo de caídas. La prueba comparó la información cualitativa y cuantitativa mediante un análisis factorial. El desarrollo de un modelo de regresión logístico explicó el riesgo de caídas según los componentes de la prueba. Resultados: El TGUGM permitió valorar el riesgo de caídas en el grupo estudiado. La prueba muestra dos factores: el Get up (levantarse) y el Gait with dual task (Marchar con doble tarea). Calificaciones inferiores a doce puntos y tiempos de ejecución superiores a 35 segundos reflejaron alto riesgo de caída. Un tiempo mayor a 35 segundos indica probabilidad de caída mayor a 0.50 y calificaciones menores a 12 puntos se asociaron con una demora de 7 segundos más en la ejecución del test (p <0.001). Conclusiones: El riesgo de caídas del grupo de mujeres colombianas fue alto en el 22%. El análisis factorial del TGUGM reflejó dos dimensiones que pueden ser predictoras independientes del riesgo de caída: El Get up que puede explicar entre el 64% y 87% del mismo y el Gait with dual task, que explica entre el 77% y el 95% de dicho riesgo.

Factores sociodemográficos asociados al desarrollo motor en niños de un plan madre canguro / Association of sociodemographic factors and motor development in children of the kangaroo mothers' program

Resumen Introducción. La población con prematuridad o bajo peso al nacer requiere de planes de atención que reconozcan los factores sociodemográficos influyentes en su pronóstico. Objetivo. Comprobar la asociación de los factores sociodemográficos en el desarrollo motor de niños con prematurez o bajo peso al nacer. Materiales y métodos. Se contó con una población de 49 infantes con prematurez o bajo peso al nacer, se evaluó su desarrollo motor con la Escala Motora del Infante de Alberta (EMIA) y se relacionó su estado con los aspectos sociodemográficos reportados por la madre. Resultados. El 82% de los niños presentó atraso en su desarrollo motor, determinado por la diferencia entre la edad motora puntuada a través de la EMIA y la edad cronológica en los niños nacidos a término; para los niños nacidos pretérmino se usó la edad corregida. La población se dividió en tres grupos según la edad de los niños: de 0 a 4 meses, de 5 a 7 meses, y mayores de 7 meses; se calculó la diferencia de promedio de retraso motor según el estrato, la edad, la ocupación y el nivel educativo de la madre, y se encontró mayor retraso motor para los niños cuyas madres son menores a 25 años (p<0.05). Conclusión. La edad de la madre se asoció con el desarrollo motor de infantes con prematurez o bajo peso al nacer en el grupo de 4 a 7 meses.

Abstract Introduction: Premature or low birth weight population require care plans that recognize the socio-demographic factors influencing prognosis. Objective: To prove the association of sociodemographic factors in the motor development of premature or low birth weight children. Materials and methods: Motor development of 49 premature or low birth weight infants was evaluated using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and their status was associated to socio-demographic aspects reported by mothers. Results: 82% of children presented delays in motor development, which was determined by differentiating the motor age scored through AIMS and the chronological age in full-term children. A corrected age was used for preterm children. The population was divided into three groups according to age: 0 to 4 months, 5 to 7 months, and 7 months and older. The difference in average motor retardation was calculated by socio-economic stratum, age, occupation and educational level of the mother. Increased motor delays were found in children whose mothers were younger than 25 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The age of the mother was associated with the motor development of premature or low birth weight infants in the group of 4 to 7 months.

Cambios cinemáticos de la marcha en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla con diferentes descargas de peso / Kinematic Changes of Gait in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis by Different Weight bearings / Mudanças cinemáticas da marcha em pacientes com artrose de joelho com diferentes descargas de peso

Objetivo: Describir las diferencias en las variables cinemáticas de la marcha en mujeres mayores de 60 años con artrosis de rodilla con diferentes descargas de peso. Materiales y métodos: Diseño investigativo longitudinal Phanel con un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia en mujeres n = 16, con edad > 60 años, sobrepeso y artrosis de rodilla; el control de la descarga de peso se realizó por medio de una plataforma de rehabilitación locomotora midiéndose la marcha en tres momentos con el 100%, 90% y 80% del peso. Resultados: Los rangos de movimiento para algunas fases de la marcha fueron diferentes para la descarga de peso utilizadas p < 0,05; para la velocidad y aceleración angular no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: Las diferentes descargas de peso no representaron para la presente investigación una variable que modificara de forma significativa las variables cinemáticas de la marcha.

Objective: To describe the differences in kinematic gait variables in women over sixty years of age with knee osteoarthritis by different weight bearings. Material and Methods: Phanel longitudinal research design with convenience sampling probabilistic n = 16 women, aged > 60 years, obesity and knee osteoarthritis, control weight bearing was performed by a locomotive rehabilitation platform that measured gait three times with weights of 100%, 90% and 80%. Results: The movement ranges in certain gait phases were different for bearings of used weight p < 0.05; for angular speed and acceleration no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions: The different weight bearings for this research represented a variable that significantly change the kinematic gait variables.

Objetivo: descrever as diferenças nas variáveis cinemáticas da marcha em mulheres maiores de sessenta anos com artrose de joelho com diferentes descargas de peso. Materiais e métodos: concepção investigativa longitudinal Phanel com uma amostragem não probabilística a conveniência em mulheres n=16 com idade >60 anos, sobrepeso e artrose de joelho, o controle da descarga de peso se realizou por meio de uma plataforma de reabilitação locomotora medindo-se a marcha em três momentos com o 100% do peso, 90 e 80. Resultados: Os rangos de movimento para algumas fases da marcha foram diferentes para a descarga de peso utilizada p<0.05, para a velocidade e aceleração angular não se encontraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusões: As diferentes descargas de peso não representaram para a presente pesquisa uma variável que modificará de forma significativa as variáveis cinemáticas da marcha.

Edad motora versus edad corregida en infantes prematuros y con bajo peso al nacer / Low birth weight premature children's motor development age compared to their corrected age

Antecedentes. El desarrollo motor en niños prematuros es reconocido como un desarrollo lento y con diferente calidad de movimiento (1); por tal motivo, se hace necesario que en la valoración de las habilidades motoras de esta población se utilicen herramientas sensibles a la detección de sus características motrices. Objetivo. Identificar la diferencia entre la edad corregida versus edad motora en los infantes pertenecientes al Programa Madre Canguro del Hospital de Suba, de la ciudad de Bogotá, durante el segundo periodo del 2013. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo correlacional con una muestra n=15 infantes prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer, valorados a través de la Escala Motora del Infante de Alberta (EMIA). Se realizaron correlaciones entre variables, como edad cronológica en meses, edad corregida, semanas de gestación y peso. Resultados. Se encontró relación entre la edad cronológica del infante, la edad corregida y el peso (p<0,05); a medida que cualquiera de estas variables incrementa, la edad motora también lo hace. Se encontró 1,5 meses de diferencia entre la edad corregida y la edad motora (p<0,05). Conclusiones. La edad motora y la edad corregida de los infantes pertenecientes al Programa Madre Canguro del Hospital de Suba presenta diferencias significativas, ratificándose que las intervenciones desde fisioterapia necesitan ser constantes y tempranas.

Background. Motor development in premature infants is recognised as being slow and involves a different quality of movement. Tools which are sensitive in detecting motor development-related characteristics should thus be used in assessing this population's motor skills. Objective. Identifying the difference between corrected age and motor development age in a group of infants involved in the Suba Hospital's Kangaroo Mother programme during the second half of 2013. Materials and methods. This was a descriptive correlational study; sample n=15 premature infants and/or low birth weight children measured by the Alberta infant motor scale. Correlations were made with variables such as chronological age (in months), corrected age, weeks of gestation, height and weight. Results. The relationship between infants' chronological age, corrected age and weight was found (p<0.05); if any variable increased then motor age increased. There was 1.5 months difference between chronological age and motor development corrected age (p<0.05). Conclusions. The motor development age and corrected age of infants involved in Suba Hospital's Kangaroo Plan had significant differences, ratifying the idea that, when needed, physiotherapy must be constant and provided early on.

Prevalencia de sedentarismo y factores asociados, en personas de 18 a 60 años en Tunja, Colombia / Sedentary prevalence and associated factors in persons 18 to 60 years in Tunja, Colombia

Resumen Antecedentes. Se determinó la prevalencia de sedentarismo (76%) en Tunja n=456 individuos, el género, el índice de masa corporal y el estado civil fueron los factores asociados a esta condición. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de sedentarismo en personas de 18 a 60 años de Tunja y los factores asociados con este comportamiento. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal con fase correlativa; el cálculo de la muestra se realizó con el uso de una fórmula para poblaciones finitas y variables categóricas obteniéndose una n=456 individuos, contó con un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia y por cuotas. Se describen las características sociodemográficas, factores de riesgo; se determina el nivel de sedentarismo por medio de la prueba de Pérez Rojas García 1996, previo consentimiento informado, además de un CAAF negativo. Resultados. Se estableció una prevalencia de sedentarismo del 76,1% [IC 95% 72-79], así como correlaciones estadísticamente significativas en variables género (X2=81,9; p=0,000), índice de masa corporal (X2=65,448; P=0,000) y estado civil (X2=15,325 p=0,000). Conclusión. Se evidenció en los participantes una alta frecuencia de sedentarismo y las variables que se asociaron de forma estadística fueron género, índice de masa corporal y estado civil.

Background. The prevalence of physical inactivity (76%) in the city of Tunja n = 456 individuals, gender body mass index, and marital status were the factors associated with this condition. Objective. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of physical inactivity in people 18 to 60 years in Tunja and factors associated with this behavior. Material and Methods. Cross-sectional study with phase correlational sample calculation was performed with the use of a finite population formula and categorical variables yielding a n=456 individuals, was a non-probability sampling and convenience fees. We describe the sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors determining the level of inactivity by the test Rojas García Pérez 1996, prior informed consent, and a negative CAAF. Results. The prevalence of sedentary established a 76.1% [95% CI 72-79] and statistically significant correlations in variables gender (X2=81.9, P=0.000), BMI (X2=65.448; p=0.000) and marital status (X2=15.325 p=0.000). Conclusion. It is evident in the participants of this study, a high frequency of sedentary and variables that were statistically associated with gender, body mass index, and marital status.

Cambios en la attitud física en un grupo de mujres adultas mayores bajo el moddelo de envejecimientoaactivo / Changes in physical aptitude in a group of older adult women in line with the active aging model

Antecedentes. La actividad física regular puede disminuir la progresión en la pérdida de la capacidad funcional y el deterioro de la salud del adulto mayor. El modelo de envejecimiento activo ha demostrado su efectividad para promover salud y la funcionalidad a través del aumento de los niveles de aptitud física. Objetivo. El propósito de la investigación fue describir los cambios en la aptitud física posterior a un programa de intervención de actividad física basado en el modelo de envejecimiento activo en 21 sujetos de al menos 60 años, de una localidad de la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, serie de casos, que analizó cambios en los componentes de la aptitud física, luego de la implementación de un programa de actividad física, con duración igual o mayor a una hora por día, cinco días por semana, durante 12 semanas. Se aplicó la batería Senior Fitness Test (SFT) y la encuesta de comportamiento frente a la actividad física de Bess Marcus, previo consentimiento informado de los sujetos participantes. Resultados. La evaluación final mostró cambios estadísticamente significativos con un IC 95% en las variables medidas como: peso, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, porcentaje graso (porcentaje magro, fuerza flexibilidad resistencia cardiovascular y agilidad. Conclusiones. Los programas de actividad física basados en el modelo de envejecimiento activo proporcionan cambios en la aptitud física especialmente en la fuerza de resistencia, la resistencia aeróbica, la agilidad motora, la flexibilidad y la composición corporal.

Background. Regular physical activity can reduce the progression of loss of functional capacity and deterioration in older adults' health. The active aging model's effectiveness in promoting health and functionality has been demonstrated by increasing levels of physical aptitude. Objective. The present research was aimed at describing changes in physical aptitude following a physical activity intervention programme based on the active aging model in 21 individuals aged at least 60 years old living in a specific part of the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Material and methods. This was a descriptive study of a case series which analysed changes in physical aptitude following individuals' participation in a physical activity programme lasting one hour (or more) per day, for five days a week, over a 12-week period. The senior fitness test (SFT) battery and the Bess Marcus' physical activity survey of behaviour were applied, following informed consent having been signed by participating individuals. Results. Final evaluation revealed statistically significant changes (with pertinent 95%CI) regarding the variables being measured, such as weight, body mass index, abdominal perimeter, percentage fat (fat-free mass), muscular strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance and agility. Conclusions. Active ageing model-based physical activity programmes led to changes in physical aptitude, especially regarding endurance strength, aerobic endurance, motor agility, flexibility and body mass.

Actividad física: estrategia de promoción de la salud: [revisión] / Physical activity: a health promotion strategy: [review] / Atividade fisica: estrategia de promoção da saúde: [revisão]

Objetivo: conceptualizar acerca de la definición de la actividad física, su prevalencia y relación directa con las estrategias desarrolladas desde la promoción de la salud. Metodología: la revisión de literatura científica que contempla artículos de bases de datos especializados en salud (Ovid, Proquest, Hinary, Springer, entre otras) donde se abordan como parámetros de búsqueda las variables actividad física y promoción de la Salud; de igual forma, se relacionan los aportes de expertos en las áreas en mención. Resultados: la actividad física expone definiciones y juicios en torno al aumento del gasto energético por encima de la tasa basal, así como posturas referentes a la actividad física desde la salud, la terapéutica, entrenamiento deportivo y educación. En cuanto a la prevalencia de actividad física se reportan que muy bajos porcentajes de la población realizan actividad física, lo que se convierte en objetivo de obligatorio abordaje desde los entes nacionales e internacionales relacionados con la práctica de actividad física y la promoción de la salud, a través de estrategias o intervención efectiva que permita mejorar la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: esta revisión permite que el lector visualice los diversos enfoques y tópicos de la actividad física, así como su relación con los procesos de sensibilización, empoderamiento y autorregulación en torno a la calidad de vida del individuo y la comunidad, con el simple objeto de interiorizar la práctica de la actividad física como elemento complementario de su vida.

Objective: this paper conceptualizes on the definition of physical activity, its prevalence and direct relation with the strategies developed from the health promotion viewpoint. Methodology: scientific literature review including specialized data on health issues (Ovid, Proquest, Hinary, Springer, among others) in which physical activity and health promotion variables are approached as search parameters. Likewise, experts contributions about the areas mentioned above were taken into consideration. Results: physical activity presents definitions and judgments about the increase in energy consumption over the basal rate as well as attitudes concerning physical activity from health, therapy, sports training and education viewpoints. Regarding the prevalence of physical activity very low percentages of the population are reported to practice physically activities, which become a mandatory target to be approached from national and international bodies related to physical activity and health promotion through effective intervention strategies which allow for the improvement of the quality of life. Conclusions: this review allows the reader to visualize the different approaches and topics of physical activity and its relationship with the raise of public awareness processes, empowerment and self-regulation regarding the quality of life of individuals and the community, with the simple aim of internalizing the practice of physical activity as a complement to their life.

Objetivo: conceitualizar acerca da definição da atividade física, sua prevalência e relação direta com as estratégias desenvolvidas desde a promoção da saúde. Metodologia: A revisão de literatura científica que contempla artigos de bases de dados especializados em saúde (Ovid, Proquest, Hinary, Springer, entre outras) onde se abordam como parâmetros de busca as variáveis atividades físicas e promoção da Saúde; de igual forma, se relacionam os aportes de expertos nas áreas em menção. Resultados: A atividade física expõe definições e juízos em torno ao aumento do gasto energético por em cima da taxa basal, assim como posturas referentes à atividade física desde a saúde, a terapêutica, treinamento esportivo e educação. Em quanto à prevalência de atividade física se reportam que baixas porcentagens da povoação realizam atividade física, o que se converte em objetivo de obrigatória abordagem desde os entes nacionais e internacionais relacionados com uma pratica de atividade física e a promoção da saúde, a través de estratégias ou intervenção efetiva que permita melhorar a qualidade de vida. Conclusões: esta revisão permite que o leitor visualize os diversos enfoques e tópicos da atividade física, assim como sua relação com os processos de sensibilização, da idéia e auto-regulação em torno à qualidade de vida do individuo e a comunidade, com o simple objeto de interiorizar a pratica da atividade física como elemento complementário de sua vida.